APPROVAL PATHWAYS
DA vs CDC: Comparison Guide
Understanding the differences, benefits, and disadvantages of Development Applications, Complying Development Certificates, and Exempt Development in NSW.
Comprehensive Pathway Comparison
| Feature | Exempt Development | Complying Development (CDC) | Development Application (DA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Definition | Minor works with minimal environmental impact. | Fast-tracked assessment against strict pre-set state codes. | Merit-based assessment by local Council tailored to the specific site. |
| Approval Authority | None required. | Private Certifier or Council. | Local Council. |
| Typical Timeframe | Immediate (No wait). | 2 - 4 weeks. | 3 - 6 months (often longer). |
| Flexibility | Strictly no variations. | Strictly no variations (100% compliance required). | High flexibility. Variations can be argued on planning merit. |
| Neighbour Input | No notification. | Neighbours are notified, but cannot formally object. | Mandatory public exhibition. Neighbours can formally object. |
| Bushfire Limits | Limited allowed works. | Permitted up to BAL-29. Not allowed for BAL-40 or BAL-FZ. | All BAL levels allowed, subject to RFS approval. |
| Heritage Limits | Only standard maintenance. | Not allowed on State Heritage Register items. | Required for heritage properties (with Heritage Council input). |
Benefits of a CDC
- Speed: Approval is significantly faster, reducing holding costs.
- Certainty: If you meet the mathematical codes, approval is guaranteed.
- No Objections: Neighbours cannot block your build based on subjective design opinions.
- Cost: Generally lower application and consultant fees compared to a DA.
Benefits of a DA
- Design Freedom: Allows for custom, architectural features that don't fit a standard box.
- Site Optimization: You can apply for variations (e.g., Clause 4.6) to maximize floor space or height on unusual blocks.
- Complex Sites: The only legal pathway for steep slopes, heritage items, or extreme bushfire zones.
Which Should You Choose?
The decision is rarely about preference; it is dictated by your land and your vision. If your priority is speed and your design fits standard parameters, a CDC is the superior choice. However, if you are building a luxury architectural home, navigating a sloping block, or managing a heritage restoration, a DA is required to provide the flexibility necessary to achieve a premium outcome.
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